Robert Manchel

About 30 days after the bankruptcy filing, the debtor must appear at a Meeting of Creditors’ Hearing, which is called a 341a hearing. The bankruptcy trustee asks the debtor questions to ensure that he is entitled to a discharge and whether the trustee may sell any of the debtor’s property.
Although unusual, any of the debtor’s creditors may appear and ask the debtor questions. However, the creditor will be limited in the amount of time available for questioning, as the trustee has a number of cases that he must complete in a short time period.
A creditor is entitled to question the debtor at greater length at hearing called a 2004 hearing, which is a deposition. Typically, the deposition is held at an attorney’s office, with a court reporter that records all of the debtor’s responses.
The scope of the questioning of the 341a hearing and the 2004 hearing is the same, which is as follows:
The creditors questions must relate to the acts, conduct or property, or to the financial condition of the debtor, to any matter which may effect the administration of the debtor’s estate, or to the debtor’s right to a discharge. This means that the questions must relate to virtually any aspect of the debtor’s assets, liabilities, expenses, financial situation, income, and possible bankruptcy fraud issues concerning all aspects of the above.
Robert Manchel, experienced NJ Bankruptcy Lawyer, is happy to assist you with your bankruptcy protection questions at 1 (866) 503-5655.
 
 
 

Phantom Debt is the creation and collection of fictitious debt.  In other words, no debt exists.
A person that has substantial debt issues is less likely to confirm that a debt collector is legitimate. Based on this scenario, the scammer preys on non-suspecting individuals who are in default with a number of creditors. The scammer purchases the names and personal information of such victims. The scammer requests payment of the fictitious debt by way of elaborate collection letters or threatening telephone calls.
Sometimes the scammer may attempt to collect a debt that has been previously discharged in a bankruptcy case.
Robert Manchel, a New Jersey bankruptcy attorney, can be contacted to discuss your questions regarding bankruptcy protection at 1 (866) 503-5655.

If a bankruptcy debtor has funds in a bank account and the debtor owes a debt to the same bank, under certain circumstances, the bank may be permitted to take the funds.
A debtor may owe a debt to a bank, based on various reasons, such as non sufficient fund charges or having a credit card debt with the same bank. Also, a debtor may have a savings or checking account with the same bank. Under either scenario, the bank may be able to keep the debtor’s bank account funds in an amount that is less than the amount that is owed to the bank. However, in general, the funds must have been placed in the account more than 90 days prior to the bankruptcy filing.
Typically, the process works as follows: After the bankruptcy filing, the bank would freeze the funds in the account. Thereafter, the bank would file the appropriate papers with the court, requesting permission to turnover the funds to the bank.
The moral of this story is, do not leave funds in a bank that is owed a debt.
Robert Manchel, a New Jersey bankruptcy lawyer, may be reached at 1 (866) 503-5655, to discuss your questions regarding bankruptcy protection.
 

How much money can a person keep in their bank account at the filing of a chapter 7?

This depends on the amount of exemptions that are available to apply towards the bank account funds. The federal exemptions that may be applied towards bank account funds are called the wildcard exemptions, under U.S.C., section 522 (d) (5). Each person filing is permitted to apply $1,150.00 towards any property, plus $10,825.00 of the unused portion of their allowable $21,625.00 exemption (homestead exemption). The homestead exemption is applied towards the debtor’s residence.
This means that the most a person can keep in a non-pension like bank account at the time of the filing is $11,975.  A person may need to apply some or all of their homestead exemption. The homestead exemption may be required to save and protect the sale of their house from the trustee. The debtor is permitted to use only a portion of their homestead exemption, as follows:
Value of Home:    $275,000
Mortgage Payoff: $230,000
Difference:            $45,000.00
10% Cost of Sale:  $27,500.00
Difference:             $17,500.00
In the example above, the debtor will use $17,500.00 of his homestead exemption. This results in allowing only $4,125.00 of the unused portion of the homestead exemption, plus $1,150.00, for a total bank account exemption of $5,275.00. This means that the debtor may keep only $5,275.00, in the bank account, with the balance to be paid to the trustee.
Please note that the amount of the federal exemptions continuously change over the years. Also, a debtor may wish to apply a portion of his wildcard exemptions to property other than the bank account. Additionally, the amount and property protected may change based on numerous factors, including the filing of a joint bankruptcy case.
If you are considering a New Jersey chapter 7 bankruptcy, I can be contacted at 1 (866) 503-5655 with any further questions you might have concerning bankruptcy protection.
 
 

Health care debt is classified as unsecured debt and is treated the same as credit card debt in all bankruptcy chapters.
If the debtor meets all criteria for a chapter 7 and is entitled to a discharge, all of the health care debt will be discharged and eliminated in the chapter 7.
Health Care Debt in a Chapter 13
All unsecured debt is paid the same as all other unsecured debt. All unsecured debt must be treated the same. The court adds all unsecured debt, together, including credit card debt, health care debt, and any other unsecured debt.  Then, the court looks at the following three criteria to determine the amount that must be paid towards all of the unsecured debt:
1. Unexempt real estate or personal property values;
2. Amount of disposable monthly income, pursuant to the Means Test or Current Monthly Income Test;
3. Amount of monthly disposable income, pursuant to the debtor’s projected future average disposable income, after deducting reasonable and necessary monthly expenses from net income.
In general, the easiest explanation as to the amount that must be paid towards health care debt in a chapter 13 is as follows: Usually the debtor pays only the amount he is able to pay on monthly basis during the life of the bankruptcy plan, based on his disposable household income.
The unsecured debt is paid pro rata. This means that each month the trustee will disburse a portion of the funds due to each unsecured creditor, based on the debtor’s disposable income and his ability to pay. When the plan is paid and completed, the balance that is due to each unsecured creditor, including each health care debt, is eliminated and discharged. Typically, if the debtor does not have sufficient disposable income to pay any amount towards the unsecured debt, the entire amount due to the unsecured creditors is eliminated and discharged.
Although unusual, if the debtor owns real estate or personal property, with a substantial value, the debtor is required to pay an additional amount towards the unsecured debt, which includes health care debt.
The debtor may be required to pay all unsecured debt, if he owns property having a substantial value, and/or has sufficient disposable income to pay all of the unsecured debt.
Robert Manchel, a bankruptcy lawyer in NJ, can be contacted at 1 (866) 503-5655, to discuss your bankruptcy protection questions and concerns.